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Aktualności z zakresu medycyny ogólnej
- 19.11.2008 Ginkgo Doesn't Prevent Dementia
Ginkgo extract "cannot be recommended" as a preventive for dementia, concludes a JAMA study.
Researchers randomized some 3000 patients to receive twice-daily doses of Ginkgo biloba extract or matching placebo. Participants averaged almost 80 years of age at entry, when they were either free of dementia or had only mild cognitive impairment; they underwent assessment every 6 months for a median 6 years' follow-up. + zobacz więcej - 19.11.2008 Over-the-Counter Acne Cream Recalled
One-ounce tubes of 10% benzoyl peroxide acne cream have been recalled because the product may contain Burkholderia cepacia, the manufacturer and FDA have announced. + zobacz więcej - 18.11.2008 ACP Offers Guidelines on Second-Generation Antidepressants
The American College of Physicians has released clinical practice guidelines on using second-generation antidepressants to treat the spectrum of depressive disorders in adults.
The guidelines, which appear in Annals of Internal Medicine, derive from an analysis of nearly 30 years' worth of published research on 12 drugs: bupropion, citalopram, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, mirtazapine, nefazodone, paroxetine, sertraline, trazodone, and venlafaxine. + zobacz więcej - 17.11.2008 Thickened Feedings Moderately Effective in Treating Infant GER
Thickened baby formula is of modest help in treating gastroesophageal reflux in healthy infants, according to a meta-analysis published online in Pediatrics.
The authors reviewed 14 randomized, controlled trials addressing whether formula thickened with such agents as rice cereal or carob-bean gum reduces the symptoms of infant reflux, a belief they said is "driven in large part by the baby food industry." + zobacz więcej - 17.11.2008 Expert Committee to Examine Adverse Events Related to Dermal Fillers
An FDA advisory panel is expected to review postmarketing studies and adverse events linked to dermal fillers — injectable soft tissue mostly used to correct wrinkles — this week.
FDA data reveal that 930 adverse events associated with dermal fillers have been reported since 2003. Among the most common reactions were swelling, inflammation, erythema, and allergy. Some of the side effects were serious, including facial, lip, and eye palsy; retinal vascular occlusion; disfigurement; and anaphylactic shock. Allergic reactions sometimes occurred after a patient's second or third injection. + zobacz więcej - 14.11.2008 Peppermint Oil, Antispasmodics, and Fiber Effective Against IBS
Peppermint oil, antispasmodics, and fiber are more effective than placebo in treating irritable bowel syndrome, according to a meta-analysis published online in BMJ.
Researchers analyzed 35 randomized, controlled trials of patients with IBS who received one of these treatments for at least a week. They found that persistent IBS symptoms were less common among patients taking peppermint oil (number needed to treat, 2.5), antispasmodics (NNT, 5), or fiber (NNT, 11), compared with those on placebo. Among patients taking fiber, the effect was particularly strong with ispaghula husk, while bran had no effect. + zobacz więcej - 14.11.2008 Smoking Prevalence Falls to Just Below 20%
Just under 20% of U.S. adults smoked cigarettes in 2007, a 1-percentage-point drop from 2006 and the first change since 2004, according to a CDC survey in MMWR.
The data, based on the National Health Interview Survey of 23,000 people, show that smoking declined most sharply among blacks (from 23% to 20%) and among people aged 65 or older (from 10% to 8%). The prevalence remains especially high among American Indians (36%), people with GED diplomas (44%), and those below the poverty line (29%). + zobacz więcej - 14.11.2008 HIV News: An Ineffective Vaccine, a Potential Target for Gene Therapy
Patients may ask about two widely reported findings concerning HIV this week.
First, the disappointing news: In an international, phase 2 trial published online in Lancet, 3000 high-risk, HIV-negative adults were randomized to receive a cell-mediated, adenovirus-based vaccine or a placebo. Vaccination did not reduce HIV infection rates or, among people who became infected, plasma viral load. In fact, in some subgroups, infection rates were higher with the vaccine. + zobacz więcej - 13.11.2008 Abdominal Adiposity Predicts Mortality Risk in European Cohort
Abdominal adiposity is an independent predictor of death, the New England Journal of Medicine reports.
European researchers measured the BMIs, waist circumferences, and waist-to-hip ratios of more than 350,000 adults and then followed them for roughly 10 years. During that time, 4% of the participants died. + zobacz więcej - 13.11.2008 Anti-Gas Drops for Infants Recalled
Some 12,000 units of Mylicon gas-relief drops (dye-free, nonstaining) for infants have been recalled over fears that they could contain metal fragments created in the manufacturing process, the FDA and manufacturer have announced.
The 1-ounce plastic bottles were distributed after October 5 for over-the-counter use. The manufacturer did not disclose what symptoms might occur if metal fragments were ingested, but says that most problems should be temporary and not require medical treatment. Parents who have given the drops to their infants should notify their healthcare providers if they are concerned. + zobacz więcej
